Diagrams, 'European', 'Australian' and 'chimpanzee' spinal curvature by Daniel John Cunningham Three side-by-side diagrams, labelled figure 1, which compare 'Australian' [Aboriginal], 'European' and 'chimpanzee' spinal columns. These are the spines of an unnamed 16-year-old Aboriginal girl and an unnamed 35-year-old Irish woman. The cervical and lumbar vertebrae are shaded in black ink. There are notes in pencil and ink, including 'association of LV5 [lumbar vertebra] with the sacrum in low races [sic] and in chimpanzees'. Subject: Anatomy / Physiology / Anthropology Prints of these diagrams were published in volume 45 of the Proceedings of the Royal Society alongside the paper 'The spinal curvature in an aboriginal Australian'. 1889