Person Hayes; Sir; James (- 1693); barrister and secretary to Prince Rupert Hayes James Sir barrister and secretary to Prince Rupert - 1693 British Male Beckington, Somerset, England, Europe 0 0

Beckington, Somerset; Bedgebury Manor, Goudhurt, Kent (1682-)

Education: St Paul's School; Corpus Christi College, Oxford (matriculated 1649); Lincoln's Inn (admitted 1649) Career: Called to the Bar (1656); MP for Marlborough (1659); Recorder of Marlborough (1659); Secretary to Prince Rupert; involved in the establishment of a permanent British trading post at Hudson Bay, which later became Hudson's Bay Company (1672); Deputy Governor of HBC; (FRS 1665) Honours: Kt 1670 Parents: James Hayes and Elizabeth Hayes Siblings: John Hayes Married: Rachel Hungerford Children: Rachel Hayes; son-in-law Lord David Hay Hayes was the first deputy governor of the Hudson's Bay Company and was the one to advance the necessary funds to secure a royal charter. Charles II granted the charter establishing the Hudson's Bay Company, officially "The Governor and Company of Adventurers of England, trading into Hudson's Bay," on May 2, 1670. The charter aimed to establish a trade monopoly on the Eastern coast of what is now Canada and claimed 1.5 million square kilometres of land inhabited by Inuit and First Nations communities (everything in the Hudson river network of waterways), this grew to eight million square kilometres which was dubbed Rupert's Land. The 'adventurers' and traders employed by the HBC did the work of colonizing and nation-building, such as mapping British Columbia's interior and charting the Arctic coast, almost always with the help of Indigenous guides. The Company's aim was territorial expansion and geographical knowledge as well as resource extraction. The company depended on Indigenous hunters to bring them the furs they sold in Europe and made the Company shareholders very wealthy. This trading relationship was often cordial and mutually beneficial but introduced and advanced the spread of diseases such as smallpox and tuberculosis, to which Indigenous Peoples had no immunity. Attitudes toward Indigenous Peoples grew more disdainful by the mid-1800s, as HBC officials became more comfortable in the region and relied less on Indigenous knowledge. In 1868, the Rupert's Land Act was passed, an agreement to transfer the region from the HBC to the recently confederated states of Canada disregarding the Indigenous Nations' ownership of the land and their resistance to its transfer to a colonial power. The HBC continued to operate as a commercial company and operated some 100 stores in Indigenous communities into the 20th century, setting low prices for furs and high prices for their goods, a process that kept Indigenous consumers in a perpetual state of debt. The HBC remains a transnational company. Royal Society roles: Council: 1667-1668, 1670-1671 Committee and panels: Committee for the Histories of Trades (1664) Ejected due to non-payment of arrears 22 July 1685 Original Fellow 20/05/1663 John Wilkins 22 July 1685 Made some meteorological observations (1667); Subscribed £40 towards a Royal Society college near Arundel House (1668-1669) Sources: Bulloch's Roll; Hunter; Le Neve; LI; Foster; McDonnell Gough, Barry M. 1970. 'The 'Adventurers of England Trading into Hudson's Bay': A Study of the Founding Members of the Hudson's Bay Company', in Albio: A Quarterly Journal Concerning with British Studies, Vol. 2, No. 1, pp.35-47 Notes: The election date is Hayes' re-election date into the Society after the grant of the second charter in April 1663. All Fellows admitted in a two-month window after this charter, until 22 June 1663, are considered Original Fellows. He was previously elected on 17 September 1662 and admitted into the Society on 8 October 1662. International Standard Archival Authority Record for Corporate Bodies, Persons and Families - ISAAR(CPF) - Ottawa 1996 ISBN 0-9696035-3-3 National Council on Archives, Rules for the Construction of Personal, Place and Corporate Names, 1997 https://pictures.royalsociety.org/results?mi_search_type=adv&mi_adv_search=yes&adv_person_id=AUTH3919 - 1693 The past Fellows entries are under continuous revision. If you have queries or additional information to contribute, please contact Library@royalsociety.org. Content in external sources is not controlled by the Royal Society and historical sources may include content that is now unacceptable. Reviewed on 10/01/2022 as part of Name Authority Project update. NA5081 21/11/2001 Andyg Pmab 21/01/2026 RS_NET\VidaM Yes http://viaf.org/viaf/4872862 764f7804-6866-47ed-8bfb-fa9cdc5bbd43