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  <Title label="Title" urlencoded="Marquis+de+Laplace" urlpathencoded="Marquis%20de%20Laplace">Marquis de Laplace</Title>
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  <Dates label="Dates" urlencoded="1749+-+1827" urlpathencoded="1749%20-%201827">1749 - 1827</Dates>
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  <PlaceOfBirth label="Place of birth" urlencoded="Beaumont-en-Auge%2c+Normandy%2c+France" urlpathencoded="Beaumont-en-Auge,%20Normandy,%20France">Beaumont-en-Auge, Normandy, France </PlaceOfBirth>
  <DateOfBirth label="Date of birth" urlencoded="23+March+1749" urlpathencoded="23%20March%201749">23 March 1749 </DateOfBirth>
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  <PlaceOfDeath label="Place of death" urlencoded="Paris%2c+France" urlpathencoded="Paris,%20France">Paris, France </PlaceOfDeath>
  <DateOfDeath label="Date of death" urlencoded="05+March+1827" urlpathencoded="05%20March%201827">05 March 1827</DateOfDeath>
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  <Activity label="Activity" urlencoded="Education%3a+%0aCollege+at+Beaumont-en-Auge%3b+University+of+Caen+(1766-1768)+%0aCareer%3a+%0aMoves+to+Paris+in+1768%2c+where+d%27Alembert+obtains+for+him+an+appointment+of+Professor+of+Mathematics+at+the+Ecole+Militaire+(1769-1776).+Elected+to+the+Academy+of+Science+(1773).+Elected+Vice+President+of+the+Institute+of+Science+of+France+(1795)+and+President+(1796).+Introduces+the+concept+of+Black+Holes+in+his+%27Exposition+du+Systeme+du+Monde%27%2c+published+in+two+volumes+in+1796" urlpathencoded="Education:%20%0aCollege%20at%20Beaumont-en-Auge;%20University%20of%20Caen%20(1766-1768)%20%0aCareer:%20%0aMoves%20to%20Paris%20in%201768,%20where%20d'Alembert%20obtains%20for%20him%20an%20appointment%20of%20Professor%20of%20Mathematics%20at%20the%20Ecole%20Militaire%20(1769-1776).%20Elected%20to%20the%20Academy%20of%20Science%20(1773).%20Elected%20Vice%20President%20of%20the%20Institute%20of%20Science%20of%20France%20(1795)%20and%20President%20(1796).%20Introduces%20the%20concept%20of%20Black%20Holes%20in%20his%20'Exposition%20du%20Systeme%20du%20Monde',%20published%20in%20two%20volumes%20in%201796">Education: 
College at Beaumont-en-Auge; University of Caen (1766-1768) 
Career: 
Moves to Paris in 1768, where d'Alembert obtains for him an appointment of Professor of Mathematics at the Ecole Militaire (1769-1776). Elected to the Academy of Science (1773). Elected Vice President of the Institute of Science of France (1795) and President (1796). Introduces the concept of Black Holes in his 'Exposition du Systeme du Monde', published in two volumes in 1796
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  <DateOfElection label="Date of election" urlencoded="30%2f04%2f1789" urlpathencoded="30/04/1789">30/04/1789</DateOfElection>
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  <Source label="Source" urlencoded="Sources%3a+%0aBulloch%27s+Roll%3b+DSB%0aReferences%3a+%0aWalter+Munk%2c+%27Solving+the+Tidal+Problem%27%2c+review+of+David+E+Cartwright%2c+Tides%3a+A+Scientific+History+in+NR+2000+vol+54+pp+116-119%0aAlex+D+D+Craik%2c+%27James+Ivory%27s+last+papers+on+the+%27Figure+of+the+Earth%27+(with+biographical+additions)+in+NR+2002+vol+56+pp+187-204%0aK+K+Schwarz%2c+%27Faraday+and+Babbage%27+in+NR+2002+vol+56+pp367-381%0aD+E+Cartwright%2c+%27The+Tonkin+tides+revisited%27+in+NR+2003+vol+57+pp+135-142%0aJ+S+Rowlinson%2c+%27Laplace%3a++the+man.++%27+Pierre+Simon+Laplace%2c+1749-1827%3a++A+determined+scientist%27+by+R+Hahn%2c+in+NR+2006+vol+60+pp+221+-+223%0aColin+Montgomery%2c+Wayne+Orchiston+and+Ian+Whittingham%2c++%27Michell%2c+Laplace+and+the+origin+of+the+Black+Hole+Concept%27++in+Journal+of+Astronomical+History+and+Heritage%2c+12(2)%2c+90-96+(2009)" urlpathencoded="Sources:%20%0aBulloch's%20Roll;%20DSB%0aReferences:%20%0aWalter%20Munk,%20'Solving%20the%20Tidal%20Problem',%20review%20of%20David%20E%20Cartwright,%20Tides:%20A%20Scientific%20History%20in%20NR%202000%20vol%2054%20pp%20116-119%0aAlex%20D%20D%20Craik,%20'James%20Ivory's%20last%20papers%20on%20the%20'Figure%20of%20the%20Earth'%20(with%20biographical%20additions)%20in%20NR%202002%20vol%2056%20pp%20187-204%0aK%20K%20Schwarz,%20'Faraday%20and%20Babbage'%20in%20NR%202002%20vol%2056%20pp367-381%0aD%20E%20Cartwright,%20'The%20Tonkin%20tides%20revisited'%20in%20NR%202003%20vol%2057%20pp%20135-142%0aJ%20S%20Rowlinson,%20'Laplace:%20%20the%20man.%20%20'%20Pierre%20Simon%20Laplace,%201749-1827:%20%20A%20determined%20scientist'%20by%20R%20Hahn,%20in%20NR%202006%20vol%2060%20pp%20221%20-%20223%0aColin%20Montgomery,%20Wayne%20Orchiston%20and%20Ian%20Whittingham,%20%20'Michell,%20Laplace%20and%20the%20origin%20of%20the%20Black%20Hole%20Concept'%20%20in%20Journal%20of%20Astronomical%20History%20and%20Heritage,%2012(2),%2090-96%20(2009)">Sources: 
Bulloch's Roll; DSB
References: 
Walter Munk, 'Solving the Tidal Problem', review of David E Cartwright, Tides: A Scientific History in NR 2000 vol 54 pp 116-119
Alex D D Craik, 'James Ivory's last papers on the 'Figure of the Earth' (with biographical additions) in NR 2002 vol 56 pp 187-204
K K Schwarz, 'Faraday and Babbage' in NR 2002 vol 56 pp367-381
D E Cartwright, 'The Tonkin tides revisited' in NR 2003 vol 57 pp 135-142
J S Rowlinson, 'Laplace:  the man.  ' Pierre Simon Laplace, 1749-1827:  A determined scientist' by R Hahn, in NR 2006 vol 60 pp 221 - 223
Colin Montgomery, Wayne Orchiston and Ian Whittingham,  'Michell, Laplace and the origin of the Black Hole Concept'  in Journal of Astronomical History and Heritage, 12(2), 90-96 (2009)</Source>
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National Council on Archives, Rules for the Construction of Personal, Place and Corporate Names, 1997</Conventions>
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