Person Buchanan; John Young (1844 - 1925); chemist and oceanographer Buchanan John Young chemist and oceanographer 1844 - 1925 Scottish Male Dowanhill, Glasgow, Scotland 20 February 1844 18440220 London, England 16/10/1925 19251016 Burial: Lord's Row, Dean Cemetery, Dean Village, Edinburgh, Scotland

10 Moray Place, Edinburgh (1885); Christ's College, Cambridge, England

chemist and oceanographer Meteorology Limnology Physics Oceanography Chemistry Education: Glasgow High Shool; Glasgow University. MA (1863) Career: Also studied at Marburg, Bonn, Leipzig and Paris (1863-1867); returned to Scotland and became assistant to Alexander Crum Brown (FRS 1879) (1871); Chemist and Physicist to the Challenger Expedition (1872-6); owned a steam yacht; involved cable laying; undertook researches in oceanography with Prince Albert I of Monaco; Lecturer on Geography, University of Cambrdige (1889-1893); moved to London (1899); travelled on various scientific voyages (1880-1890); suffererd ill health and a nervous breakdown (1912); sold his house in London (1914); moved to North America (1914-1918); returned to London (1918); died suddenly (1925). Memberships: FRSE; FCS Awards/Medals: Keith Prize 1887 Gold Medal of the Royal Scottish Geographical Society 1911 Comité de Perfectionnement of the Institut Océanographique (VP) Order of St Charles of Monaco. Parents: John Buchanan of Dowanhill (1807–1876), a merchant, and Jane (d. 1899), the daughter of John Young of Rowmore, Dunbartonshire. Siblings: Thomas Ryburn Buchanan (1846–1911), MP. Investigated the hydrolysis of chloroacetic acid to glycolic acid. His work whilst on the Challenger was pivotal to the development of oceanography. Studied chemistry of the sea, observing the chemical and physical properties of sea water, sea ice, and marine deposits. Remembered for his discovery that Thomas Henry Huxley's (FRS 1851) Bathybius was in fact an inorganic residue created when sediment samples were stored in alcohol. Demonstrated that the 'black rocks' the Challenger dredged from the sea-bed were concretions of manganese and other metals. Investigated methods of measuring temperature and specific gravity of sea water, for which he devised a stopcock water bottle and piezometers for measuring pressure and temperature in the ocean depths. Fellow 09/06/1887 43 William Benjamin Carpenter George John Romanes George Murray Humphry Isaac Bayley Balfour Walter Noel Hartley Thomas Edward Thorpe William Turner Joseph Norman Lockyer Archibald Geikie Arthur Schuster Balfour Stewart Henry Enfield Roscoe James Dewar William Thomson George Henry Richards George Strong Nares Alexander Crum Brown James Caird Sources: Bulloch's Roll; DSB Obituaries: Proc Roy Soc Series A 1926 vol 110 pp xii-xiii, plate, signed by A E S International Standard Archival Authority Record for Corporate Bodies, Persons and Families - ISAAR(CPF) - Ottawa 1996 ISBN 0-9696035-3-3 National Council on Archives, Rules for the Construction of Personal, Place and Corporate Names, 1997 https://royalsocietypublishing.org/action/doSearch?ContribRaw=Buchanan%2C+John+Young RCN 30770 RCN 30771 20 Feb 1844 - 16 Oct 1925 The past Fellows entries are under continuous revision. If you have queries or additional information to contribute, please contact Library@royalsociety.org. Content in external sources is not controlled by the Royal Society and historical sources may include content that is now unacceptable. Reviewed on 30/10/2024 as part of the Name Authority Project update. NA7128 21/11/2001 Andyg pmab 14/05/2026 RS_NET\JonathanB Yes http://viaf.org/viaf/20441631 358015ad-bd04-468b-b6de-1bccb3ae62a7