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  <Summary>
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  <AUTHORITYCONTROL label="AUTHORITYCONTROL" urlencoded="" urlpathencoded=""></AUTHORITYCONTROL>
  <PersonName label="Authorised form of name" urlencoded="Airy%3b+Sir%3b+George+Biddell+(1801+-+1892)%3b+British+astronomer+and+mathematician" urlpathencoded="Airy;%20Sir;%20George%20Biddell%20(1801%20-%201892);%20British%20astronomer%20and%20mathematician">Airy; Sir; George Biddell (1801 - 1892); British astronomer and mathematician</PersonName>
  <Surname label="Surname" urlencoded="Airy" urlpathencoded="Airy">Airy</Surname>
  <Forenames label="Forenames" urlencoded="George+Biddell" urlpathencoded="George%20Biddell">George Biddell</Forenames>
  <PreTitle label="PreTitle" urlencoded="Sir" urlpathencoded="Sir">Sir</PreTitle>
  <Title label="Title" urlencoded="" urlpathencoded=""></Title>
  <Epithet label="Epithet" urlencoded="British+astronomer+and+mathematician" urlpathencoded="British%20astronomer%20and%20mathematician">British astronomer and mathematician</Epithet>
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  <OtherFormsOfSurname label="Other forms of surname" urlencoded="" urlpathencoded=""></OtherFormsOfSurname>
  <Dates label="Dates" urlencoded="1801+-+1892" urlpathencoded="1801%20-%201892">1801 - 1892</Dates>
  <Nationality label="Nationality" urlencoded="British" urlpathencoded="British">British</Nationality>
  <Gender label="Gender" urlencoded="Male" urlpathencoded="Male">Male</Gender>
  <INFORMATIONAREA label="INFORMATIONAREA" urlencoded="" urlpathencoded=""></INFORMATIONAREA>
  <PlaceOfBirth label="Place of birth" urlencoded="Alnwick%2c+Northumberland%2c+England" urlpathencoded="Alnwick,%20Northumberland,%20England">Alnwick, Northumberland, England </PlaceOfBirth>
  <DateOfBirth label="Date of birth" urlencoded="27+July+1801" urlpathencoded="27%20July%201801">27 July 1801 </DateOfBirth>
  <Born label="Born" urlencoded="1801" urlpathencoded="1801">1801</Born>
  <PlaceOfDeath label="Place of death" urlencoded="Greenwich%2c+London" urlpathencoded="Greenwich,%20London">Greenwich, London </PlaceOfDeath>
  <DateOfDeath label="Date of death" urlencoded="02+January+1892" urlpathencoded="02%20January%201892">02 January 1892</DateOfDeath>
  <Died label="Died" urlencoded="1892" urlpathencoded="1892">1892</Died>
  <DatesAndPlaces label="DatesAndPlaces" urlencoded="" urlpathencoded=""></DatesAndPlaces>
  <Address label="Address" urlencoded="" urlpathencoded=""></Address>
  <Occupation label="Occupation" urlencoded="" urlpathencoded=""></Occupation>
  <ResearchField label="Research field" urlencoded="Astronomy" urlpathencoded="Astronomy">Astronomy</ResearchField>
  <Activity label="Activity" urlencoded="Education%3a+%0aMA+%0aCareer%3a+%0aAstronomer+Royal+1836-1892+%0aHonours%3a+%0aCB+1871%3b+KCB+1872+%0aMemberships%3a+%0aFRAS%3b+Institute+of+France+(Corresponding)" urlpathencoded="Education:%20%0aMA%20%0aCareer:%20%0aAstronomer%20Royal%201836-1892%20%0aHonours:%20%0aCB%201871;%20KCB%201872%20%0aMemberships:%20%0aFRAS;%20Institute%20of%20France%20(Corresponding)">Education: 
MA 
Career: 
Astronomer Royal 1836-1892 
Honours: 
CB 1871; KCB 1872 
Memberships: 
FRAS; Institute of France (Corresponding)
</Activity>
  <Relationships label="Relationships" urlencoded="Father-in-law+of+Edward+John+Routh+(FRS+1872)" urlpathencoded="Father-in-law%20of%20Edward%20John%20Routh%20(FRS%201872)">Father-in-law of Edward John Routh (FRS 1872)</Relationships>
  <OtherInfo label="OtherInfo" urlencoded="" urlpathencoded=""></OtherInfo>
  <ROYAL_SOCIETY_ACTIVITY label="ROYAL_SOCIETY_ACTIVITY" urlencoded="" urlpathencoded=""></ROYAL_SOCIETY_ACTIVITY>
  <RSActivity label="RSActivity" urlencoded="Royal+Society+roles%3a%0aVP+1848-1849%3b+PRS+1871-1873%3b+VP+1873-1874%0aMedals+and+prizes%3a%0aCopley+Medal+1831%3b+Royal+Medal+1845+%0aLectures%3a%0aBakerian+1840" urlpathencoded="Royal%20Society%20roles:%0aVP%201848-1849;%20PRS%201871-1873;%20VP%201873-1874%0aMedals%20and%20prizes:%0aCopley%20Medal%201831;%20Royal%20Medal%201845%20%0aLectures:%0aBakerian%201840">Royal Society roles:
VP 1848-1849; PRS 1871-1873; VP 1873-1874
Medals and prizes:
Copley Medal 1831; Royal Medal 1845 
Lectures:
Bakerian 1840 </RSActivity>
  <MembershipCategory label="Membership category" urlencoded="Fellow" urlpathencoded="Fellow">Fellow</MembershipCategory>
  <DateOfElection label="Date of election" urlencoded="21%2f01%2f1836" urlpathencoded="21/01/1836">21/01/1836</DateOfElection>
  <AgeAtElection label="Age at election" urlencoded="" urlpathencoded=""></AgeAtElection>
  <Proposer label="Proposer" urlencoded="" urlpathencoded=""></Proposer>
  <DateOfEjectionOrWithdrawal label="Date of ejection or withdrawal" urlencoded="" urlpathencoded=""></DateOfEjectionOrWithdrawal>
  <RSRoles label="RSRoles" urlencoded="" urlpathencoded=""></RSRoles>
  <CommitteesAndPanels label="CommitteesAndPanels" urlencoded="" urlpathencoded=""></CommitteesAndPanels>
  <MedalsAndPrizes label="MedalsAndPrizes" urlencoded="" urlpathencoded=""></MedalsAndPrizes>
  <Lectures label="Lectures" urlencoded="" urlpathencoded=""></Lectures>
  <GrantsAndFellowships label="GrantsAndFellowships" urlencoded="" urlpathencoded=""></GrantsAndFellowships>
  <Clubs label="Clubs" urlencoded="" urlpathencoded=""></Clubs>
  <OtherRSActivity label="Other Royal Society activity" urlencoded="" urlpathencoded=""></OtherRSActivity>
  <Council label="Council" urlencoded="" urlpathencoded=""></Council>
  <RELATED_RESOURCES label="RELATED_RESOURCES" urlencoded="" urlpathencoded=""></RELATED_RESOURCES>
  <Source label="Source" urlencoded="Sources%3a+%0aBulloch%27s+Roll%3b+DNB%3b+DSB%0aObituaries%3a+%0aProc+Roy+Soc+1892+vol+51+pp+i-xxi+signed+by+E+J+R%0aReferences%3a+%0aR+K+Bluhm%2c+%27A+Note+on+the+Origin+of+the+Society%27s+Conversaziones%27+in+NR+1958+vol+13+pp+61-63%0aJohn+R+Levene%2c+%27Sir+George+Biddell+Airy%2c+FRS+(1801-1892)+and+the+Discovery+and+Correction+of+Astigmatism%27+in+NR+1966+vol+21+pp+180-199%2c+plate%0aOtto+Mayr%2c+%27Victorian+Physicists+and+Speed+Regulation%3a+An+Encounter+Between+Science+and+Technology%27+in+NR+1971+vol+26+pp+205-228%0aJohn+R+Levene%2c+%27Sir+G+B+Airy%2c+FRS+(1801-1892)+and+the+Symptomatology+of+Migraine%27+in+NR+1975-6+vol+30+pp+15-23%0aW+H+McCrea%2c+%27The+Royal+Observatory+and+the+Study+of+Gravitation%27+in+NR+1975-6+vol+30+pp+133-140%2c+plate%0aCharles+H+Cotter%2c+%27The+Royal+Society+and+the+Deviation+of+the+Compass%27+in+NR+1976-7+vol+31+pp+297-309%0aJames+Gabriel+O%27Hara%2c+%27Gauss+and+the+Royal+Society%3a+The+Reception+of+His+Ideas+on+Magnetism+in+Britain+(1832-1842)%27+in+NR+1983-84+vol+38+pp+17-78%0aPeter+J+Turvey%2c+%27Sir+John+Herschel+and+the+Abandonment+of+Charles+Babbage%27s+Difference+Engine+No.+1%27+in+NR+1991+vol+45+pp+165-176%0aAllan+Chapman%2c+%27George+Biddell+Airy%2c+FRS+(1801-1892)%3a+A+Centenary+Commemoration%27+in+NR+1992+vol+46+pp+103-110%2c+plate%0aAlex+D+D+Craik%2c+%27James+Ivory%2c+FRS%2c+mathematician%3a+%22the+most+unlucky+person+that+ever+existed%22%27+in+NR+2000+vol+54+pp+223-247%0aAlex+D+D+Craik%2c+%27James+Ivory%27s+last+papers+on+the+%27Figure+of+the+Earth%27+(with+biographical+additions)+in+NR+2002+vol+56+pp+187-204%0aVanity+Fair+13+November+1875%0aM+Croarken%2c+%27Astronomical+labourers%3a++Maskelyne%27s+assistants+at+the+Royal+Observatory%2c+Greenwich%2c+1765+-+1811%27+in+NR+2003+vol+57+pp+285+-+298" urlpathencoded="Sources:%20%0aBulloch's%20Roll;%20DNB;%20DSB%0aObituaries:%20%0aProc%20Roy%20Soc%201892%20vol%2051%20pp%20i-xxi%20signed%20by%20E%20J%20R%0aReferences:%20%0aR%20K%20Bluhm,%20'A%20Note%20on%20the%20Origin%20of%20the%20Society's%20Conversaziones'%20in%20NR%201958%20vol%2013%20pp%2061-63%0aJohn%20R%20Levene,%20'Sir%20George%20Biddell%20Airy,%20FRS%20(1801-1892)%20and%20the%20Discovery%20and%20Correction%20of%20Astigmatism'%20in%20NR%201966%20vol%2021%20pp%20180-199,%20plate%0aOtto%20Mayr,%20'Victorian%20Physicists%20and%20Speed%20Regulation:%20An%20Encounter%20Between%20Science%20and%20Technology'%20in%20NR%201971%20vol%2026%20pp%20205-228%0aJohn%20R%20Levene,%20'Sir%20G%20B%20Airy,%20FRS%20(1801-1892)%20and%20the%20Symptomatology%20of%20Migraine'%20in%20NR%201975-6%20vol%2030%20pp%2015-23%0aW%20H%20McCrea,%20'The%20Royal%20Observatory%20and%20the%20Study%20of%20Gravitation'%20in%20NR%201975-6%20vol%2030%20pp%20133-140,%20plate%0aCharles%20H%20Cotter,%20'The%20Royal%20Society%20and%20the%20Deviation%20of%20the%20Compass'%20in%20NR%201976-7%20vol%2031%20pp%20297-309%0aJames%20Gabriel%20O'Hara,%20'Gauss%20and%20the%20Royal%20Society:%20The%20Reception%20of%20His%20Ideas%20on%20Magnetism%20in%20Britain%20(1832-1842)'%20in%20NR%201983-84%20vol%2038%20pp%2017-78%0aPeter%20J%20Turvey,%20'Sir%20John%20Herschel%20and%20the%20Abandonment%20of%20Charles%20Babbage's%20Difference%20Engine%20No.%201'%20in%20NR%201991%20vol%2045%20pp%20165-176%0aAllan%20Chapman,%20'George%20Biddell%20Airy,%20FRS%20(1801-1892):%20A%20Centenary%20Commemoration'%20in%20NR%201992%20vol%2046%20pp%20103-110,%20plate%0aAlex%20D%20D%20Craik,%20'James%20Ivory,%20FRS,%20mathematician:%20&quot;the%20most%20unlucky%20person%20that%20ever%20existed&quot;'%20in%20NR%202000%20vol%2054%20pp%20223-247%0aAlex%20D%20D%20Craik,%20'James%20Ivory's%20last%20papers%20on%20the%20'Figure%20of%20the%20Earth'%20(with%20biographical%20additions)%20in%20NR%202002%20vol%2056%20pp%20187-204%0aVanity%20Fair%2013%20November%201875%0aM%20Croarken,%20'Astronomical%20labourers:%20%20Maskelyne's%20assistants%20at%20the%20Royal%20Observatory,%20Greenwich,%201765%20-%201811'%20in%20NR%202003%20vol%2057%20pp%20285%20-%20298">Sources: 
Bulloch's Roll; DNB; DSB
Obituaries: 
Proc Roy Soc 1892 vol 51 pp i-xxi signed by E J R
References: 
R K Bluhm, 'A Note on the Origin of the Society's Conversaziones' in NR 1958 vol 13 pp 61-63
John R Levene, 'Sir George Biddell Airy, FRS (1801-1892) and the Discovery and Correction of Astigmatism' in NR 1966 vol 21 pp 180-199, plate
Otto Mayr, 'Victorian Physicists and Speed Regulation: An Encounter Between Science and Technology' in NR 1971 vol 26 pp 205-228
John R Levene, 'Sir G B Airy, FRS (1801-1892) and the Symptomatology of Migraine' in NR 1975-6 vol 30 pp 15-23
W H McCrea, 'The Royal Observatory and the Study of Gravitation' in NR 1975-6 vol 30 pp 133-140, plate
Charles H Cotter, 'The Royal Society and the Deviation of the Compass' in NR 1976-7 vol 31 pp 297-309
James Gabriel O'Hara, 'Gauss and the Royal Society: The Reception of His Ideas on Magnetism in Britain (1832-1842)' in NR 1983-84 vol 38 pp 17-78
Peter J Turvey, 'Sir John Herschel and the Abandonment of Charles Babbage's Difference Engine No. 1' in NR 1991 vol 45 pp 165-176
Allan Chapman, 'George Biddell Airy, FRS (1801-1892): A Centenary Commemoration' in NR 1992 vol 46 pp 103-110, plate
Alex D D Craik, 'James Ivory, FRS, mathematician: "the most unlucky person that ever existed"' in NR 2000 vol 54 pp 223-247
Alex D D Craik, 'James Ivory's last papers on the 'Figure of the Earth' (with biographical additions) in NR 2002 vol 56 pp 187-204
Vanity Fair 13 November 1875
M Croarken, 'Astronomical labourers:  Maskelyne's assistants at the Royal Observatory, Greenwich, 1765 - 1811' in NR 2003 vol 57 pp 285 - 298</Source>
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  <ImageCredit label="ImageCredit" urlencoded="%c2%a9The+Royal+Society%2fUniversity+of+Cambridge%2c+Institute+of+Astronomy" urlpathencoded="%c2%a9The%20Royal%20Society/University%20of%20Cambridge,%20Institute%20of%20Astronomy">©The Royal Society/University of Cambridge, Institute of Astronomy</ImageCredit>
  <Conventions label="Conventions" urlencoded="International+Standard+Archival+Authority+Record+for+Corporate+Bodies%2c+Persons+and+Families+-+ISAAR(CPF)+-+Ottawa+1996+ISBN+0-9696035-3-3%0a%0aNational+Council+on+Archives%2c+Rules+for+the+Construction+of+Personal%2c+Place+and+Corporate+Names%2c+1997" urlpathencoded="International%20Standard%20Archival%20Authority%20Record%20for%20Corporate%20Bodies,%20Persons%20and%20Families%20-%20ISAAR(CPF)%20-%20Ottawa%201996%20ISBN%200-9696035-3-3%0a%0aNational%20Council%20on%20Archives,%20Rules%20for%20the%20Construction%20of%20Personal,%20Place%20and%20Corporate%20Names,%201997">International Standard Archival Authority Record for Corporate Bodies, Persons and Families - ISAAR(CPF) - Ottawa 1996 ISBN 0-9696035-3-3

National Council on Archives, Rules for the Construction of Personal, Place and Corporate Names, 1997</Conventions>
  <RSObituaryMemoir label="Royal Society Obituary or Memoir" urlencoded="" urlpathencoded=""></RSObituaryMemoir>
  <RSPublications label="RSPublications" urlencoded="" urlpathencoded=""></RSPublications>
  <PublishedWorks label="PublishedWorks" urlencoded="" urlpathencoded=""></PublishedWorks>
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  <DatesOld label="DatesOld" urlencoded="27+Jul+1801+-+2+Jan+1892" urlpathencoded="27%20Jul%201801%20-%202%20Jan%201892">27 Jul 1801 - 2 Jan 1892</DatesOld>
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  <Code label="Code" urlencoded="NA8035" urlpathencoded="NA8035">NA8035</Code>
  <Created label="Created" urlencoded="21%2f11%2f2001" urlpathencoded="21/11/2001">21/11/2001</Created>
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pmab</Creator>
  <Modified label="Modified" urlencoded="10%2f02%2f2026" urlpathencoded="10/02/2026">10/02/2026</Modified>
  <Modifier label="Modifier" urlencoded="RS_NET%5cVidaM" urlpathencoded="RS_NET\VidaM">RS_NET\VidaM</Modifier>
  <PublicView label="PublicView" urlencoded="Yes" urlpathencoded="Yes">Yes</PublicView>
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