Person Croone; William (1633 - 1684); physician Croone William physician Crowne Croune 1633 - 1684 British Male London, England, Europe 15 September 1633 16330915 London, England, Europe 12 October 1684 16841012 Burial: St Mildred's Church in the Poultry, London, England, Europe

Physician Physiology Education: Merchant Taylors School, London (1642); Emmanuel College, Cambridge, BA (1650/1), MA (1654); MD (Lit. Reg. 1663); Incorporated at Oxford (1654); Career: Fellow of Emmanuel (1651); Professor of Rhetoric, Gresham College, London (1659-1670); Gray's Inn (admitted 1670); candidate for College of Physicians (1660), Fellow (1675), and censor (1679); published 'De ratione motus musculorum' (London 1664); appointed by Barber-Surgeons' Company anatomy lecturer on muscles (1670-1684); maintained active experimental interests, and developed a lucrative medical practice in London in his later years, with a particular interest in respiration, muscular motion, and generation; noted for his experiment on establishing the importance of air in respiration by an experiment at the Royal Society, when he choked chicken until it appeared dead and then revived it by blowing air into its lungs through a glass pipe inserted down its throat (1664) Memberships: FRCP (1675) Married: Mary Lorimer [Lorymer] Croone left plans, but no money for two lectureships. One was to be delivered annually at the Royal College of Physicians, the other, on the nature and laws of muscular motion, was to be delivered before the Royal Society. His widow provided the money for the lecture in her will in 1701. The lecture is now known as the Croone [Croonian] Lecture, and is the Society's premier lecture on biology, the first one being delivered in 1738. Lady Sadleir also founded the Croonian Lectures at the Royal College of Physicians and the Sadlerian Lectures on algebra at Emmanuel, King's, St. John's, Sidney, Trinity, Jesus, Pembroke, Queen's and St. Peter's colleges at Cambridge. Royal Society roles: Appointed 'Register' 28/11/1660; 1664, 1666, 1668, 1670, 1672, 1675-1676, 1678-1681, 1683 Committee and panels: Committee to 'view Mersennnus concerning the tenacity of [bodies]' (25 June 1662) ; Committee on the Histories of Trades (30 March 1664) ; Committee for 'taking care of the repository of the Royal Society' (3 February 1676) Original Fellow 20/05/1663 Sources: Bulloch's Roll; DNB; DSB; Venn; Foster; Hunter; ODNB References: Kathleen H Ochs, 'The Royal Society of London's History of Trades Programme: An Early Episode in Applied Science' in NR 1984-85 vol 39 pp 129-158 L G Wilson, 'William Croone's Theory of Muscular Contraction' in NR 1961 vol 16 pp 158-178 L M Payne, Leonard G Wilson and Sir Harold Hartley, 'William Croone, FRS (1633-1684)' in NR 1960 vol 15 pp 211-219, plate G H Turnbull, 'Samuel Hartlib's Influence on the Early History of the Royal Society' in NR 1953 vol 10 pp 101-130 J Gribbin, 'The Fellowship', 2005, pp172-174 Notes: The election date is Croone's re-election date into the Society after the grant of the second charter in April 1663. All Fellows admitted in a two-month window after this charter, until 22 June 1663, are considered Original Fellows. He was previously named as 'register' at the initial meeting on 28 November 1660, although he was not present. Name spelt 'Croune' in Birch and DNB, 'Croone or Crowne' in Venn. International Standard Archival Authority Record for Corporate Bodies, Persons and Families - ISAAR(CPF) - Ottawa 1996 ISBN 0-9696035-3-3 National Council on Archives, Rules for the Construction of Personal, Place and Corporate Names, 1997 RCN: 34615 https://pictures.royalsociety.org/results?mi_search_type=adv&mi_adv_search=yes&adv_person_id=AUTH2099 15 Sep 1633 - 12 Oct 1684 The past Fellows entries are under continuous revision. If you have queries or additional information to contribute, please contact Library@royalsociety.org. Content in external sources is not controlled by the Royal Society and historical sources may include content that is now unacceptable. Reviewed on 27/10/2021 as part of Name Authority Project update. NA8189 21/11/2001 Andyg Pmab 28/03/2023 RS_NET\JonathanB Yes http://viaf.org/viaf/22469858 907efc5d-32db-4307-8dcf-09e723b496f4