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<SummaryList>
  <Summary>
  <RecordType label="RecordType" urlencoded="Person" urlpathencoded="Person">Person</RecordType>
  <AUTHORITYCONTROL label="AUTHORITYCONTROL" urlencoded="" urlpathencoded=""></AUTHORITYCONTROL>
  <PersonName label="Authorised form of name" urlencoded="Hardy%3b+Sir%3b+William+Bate+(1864+-+1934)%3b+biologist+and+food+scientist" urlpathencoded="Hardy;%20Sir;%20William%20Bate%20(1864%20-%201934);%20biologist%20and%20food%20scientist">Hardy; Sir; William Bate (1864 - 1934); biologist and food scientist</PersonName>
  <Surname label="Surname" urlencoded="Hardy" urlpathencoded="Hardy">Hardy</Surname>
  <Forenames label="Forenames" urlencoded="William+Bate" urlpathencoded="William%20Bate">William Bate</Forenames>
  <PreTitle label="PreTitle" urlencoded="Sir" urlpathencoded="Sir">Sir</PreTitle>
  <Title label="Title" urlencoded="" urlpathencoded=""></Title>
  <Epithet label="Epithet" urlencoded="biologist+and+food+scientist" urlpathencoded="biologist%20and%20food%20scientist">biologist and food scientist</Epithet>
  <ParallelEntry label="ParallelEntry" urlencoded="" urlpathencoded=""></ParallelEntry>
  <NonPreferredTerm label="Other forms of name" urlencoded="" urlpathencoded=""></NonPreferredTerm>
  <OtherFormsOfSurname label="Other forms of surname" urlencoded="" urlpathencoded=""></OtherFormsOfSurname>
  <Dates label="Dates" urlencoded="1864+-+1934" urlpathencoded="1864%20-%201934">1864 - 1934</Dates>
  <Nationality label="Nationality" urlencoded="British" urlpathencoded="British">British</Nationality>
  <Gender label="Gender" urlencoded="Male" urlpathencoded="Male">Male</Gender>
  <INFORMATIONAREA label="INFORMATIONAREA" urlencoded="" urlpathencoded=""></INFORMATIONAREA>
  <PlaceOfBirth label="Place of birth" urlencoded="Erdington%2c+Warwickshire%2c+England" urlpathencoded="Erdington,%20Warwickshire,%20England">Erdington, Warwickshire, England </PlaceOfBirth>
  <DateOfBirth label="Date of birth" urlencoded="06+April+1864" urlpathencoded="06%20April%201864">06 April 1864 </DateOfBirth>
  <Born label="Born" urlencoded="18640406" urlpathencoded="18640406">18640406</Born>
  <PlaceOfDeath label="Place of death" urlencoded="5+Grange+Road%2c+Cambridge%2c+England" urlpathencoded="5%20Grange%20Road,%20Cambridge,%20England">5 Grange Road, Cambridge, England</PlaceOfDeath>
  <DateOfDeath label="Date of death" urlencoded="23+January+1934" urlpathencoded="23%20January%201934">23 January 1934</DateOfDeath>
  <Died label="Died" urlencoded="19340123" urlpathencoded="19340123">19340123</Died>
  <DatesAndPlaces label="DatesAndPlaces" urlencoded="" urlpathencoded=""></DatesAndPlaces>
  <Address label="Address" urlencoded="5+Grange+Road%2c+Cambridge%2c+England" urlpathencoded="5%20Grange%20Road,%20Cambridge,%20England">5 Grange Road, Cambridge, England</Address>
  <Occupation label="Occupation" urlencoded="Biologist" urlpathencoded="Biologist">Biologist</Occupation>
  <ResearchField label="Research field" urlencoded="Parasitology" urlpathencoded="Parasitology">Parasitology</ResearchField>
  <ResearchField label="Research field" urlencoded="Physiology" urlpathencoded="Physiology">Physiology</ResearchField>
  <ResearchField label="Research field" urlencoded="Microbiology" urlpathencoded="Microbiology">Microbiology</ResearchField>
  <ResearchField label="Research field" urlencoded="Physical+chemistry" urlpathencoded="Physical%20chemistry">Physical chemistry</ResearchField>
  <ResearchField label="Research field" urlencoded="Biology" urlpathencoded="Biology">Biology</ResearchField>
  <Activity label="Activity" urlencoded="Education%3a+%0aFramlingham++College%3b+Gonville+and+Gaius+College%2c+Cambridge+MA+(Cantab)+%0aCareer%3a%0aLecturer+in+histology+in+the+physiology+department+at+Cambridge+(1898-1929)%3b+organised+the+food+(war)+committee+of+the+Royal+Society+which+advised+the+government+(1915)%3b+instigated+the+Food+Investigation+Board+and+became+its+first+chairman+(1917-28)%3b+and+director+of+food+investigation+(1917-34)%3b+created+the+Low+Temperature+Research+Station+at+Cambridge+becoming+its+superintendent+1922-34)%3b+chairman+of+the+advisory+committee+on+fisheries+of+the+Development+Commission+(1919-1931).%0aHonours%3a+%0aKt+1925" urlpathencoded="Education:%20%0aFramlingham%20%20College;%20Gonville%20and%20Gaius%20College,%20Cambridge%20MA%20(Cantab)%20%0aCareer:%0aLecturer%20in%20histology%20in%20the%20physiology%20department%20at%20Cambridge%20(1898-1929);%20organised%20the%20food%20(war)%20committee%20of%20the%20Royal%20Society%20which%20advised%20the%20government%20(1915);%20instigated%20the%20Food%20Investigation%20Board%20and%20became%20its%20first%20chairman%20(1917-28);%20and%20director%20of%20food%20investigation%20(1917-34);%20created%20the%20Low%20Temperature%20Research%20Station%20at%20Cambridge%20becoming%20its%20superintendent%201922-34);%20chairman%20of%20the%20advisory%20committee%20on%20fisheries%20of%20the%20Development%20Commission%20(1919-1931).%0aHonours:%20%0aKt%201925">Education: 
Framlingham  College; Gonville and Gaius College, Cambridge MA (Cantab) 
Career:
Lecturer in histology in the physiology department at Cambridge (1898-1929); organised the food (war) committee of the Royal Society which advised the government (1915); instigated the Food Investigation Board and became its first chairman (1917-28); and director of food investigation (1917-34); created the Low Temperature Research Station at Cambridge becoming its superintendent 1922-34); chairman of the advisory committee on fisheries of the Development Commission (1919-1931).
Honours: 
Kt 1925</Activity>
  <Relationships label="Relationships" urlencoded="Parents%3a+William+Hardy%2c+of+Llangollen%2c+Denbighshire%2c+and+Sarah%2c+eldest+daughter+of+William+Bate.%0aSpouse%3a+Alice+Mary%2c+eldest+daughter+of+Gerrard+Brown+Finch%2c+barrister+(1898).%0aChildren%3a+One+son+and+two+daughters." urlpathencoded="Parents:%20William%20Hardy,%20of%20Llangollen,%20Denbighshire,%20and%20Sarah,%20eldest%20daughter%20of%20William%20Bate.%0aSpouse:%20Alice%20Mary,%20eldest%20daughter%20of%20Gerrard%20Brown%20Finch,%20barrister%20(1898).%0aChildren:%20One%20son%20and%20two%20daughters.">Parents: William Hardy, of Llangollen, Denbighshire, and Sarah, eldest daughter of William Bate.
Spouse: Alice Mary, eldest daughter of Gerrard Brown Finch, barrister (1898).
Children: One son and two daughters.</Relationships>
  <OtherInfo label="OtherInfo" urlencoded="His+work+advanced+physical+chemistry.+%0aIntroduced+the+concept+of+boundary+lubrication.%0aNoted+for+his+discovery+of+the+stability+of+colloid+sols+in+relation+to+their+electric+charge%3b+theory+of+flocculation%2c+the+nature+and+importance+of+the+iso-electric+point%3b+the+theory+of+protein+ampholytes%2c+and+the+electric+charges+of+the+positive+and+negative+colloid+ions." urlpathencoded="His%20work%20advanced%20physical%20chemistry.%20%0aIntroduced%20the%20concept%20of%20boundary%20lubrication.%0aNoted%20for%20his%20discovery%20of%20the%20stability%20of%20colloid%20sols%20in%20relation%20to%20their%20electric%20charge;%20theory%20of%20flocculation,%20the%20nature%20and%20importance%20of%20the%20iso-electric%20point;%20the%20theory%20of%20protein%20ampholytes,%20and%20the%20electric%20charges%20of%20the%20positive%20and%20negative%20colloid%20ions.">His work advanced physical chemistry. 
Introduced the concept of boundary lubrication.
Noted for his discovery of the stability of colloid sols in relation to their electric charge; theory of flocculation, the nature and importance of the iso-electric point; the theory of protein ampholytes, and the electric charges of the positive and negative colloid ions.</OtherInfo>
  <ROYAL_SOCIETY_ACTIVITY label="ROYAL_SOCIETY_ACTIVITY" urlencoded="" urlpathencoded=""></ROYAL_SOCIETY_ACTIVITY>
  <RSActivity label="RSActivity" urlencoded="Royal+Society+roles%3a%0aSec+1915-1925%3b+VP+1914-1915%3b+Biological+sec+1915-1925%0aMedals+and+prizes%3a%0aRoyal+Medal+1926+%0aLectures%3a%0aCroonian+1905%3b+Bakerian+1925+(jointly)" urlpathencoded="Royal%20Society%20roles:%0aSec%201915-1925;%20VP%201914-1915;%20Biological%20sec%201915-1925%0aMedals%20and%20prizes:%0aRoyal%20Medal%201926%20%0aLectures:%0aCroonian%201905;%20Bakerian%201925%20(jointly)">Royal Society roles:
Sec 1915-1925; VP 1914-1915; Biological sec 1915-1925
Medals and prizes:
Royal Medal 1926 
Lectures:
Croonian 1905; Bakerian 1925 (jointly) </RSActivity>
  <MembershipCategory label="Membership category" urlencoded="Fellow" urlpathencoded="Fellow">Fellow</MembershipCategory>
  <DateOfElection label="Date of election" urlencoded="05%2f06%2f1902" urlpathencoded="05/06/1902">05/06/1902</DateOfElection>
  <AgeAtElection label="Age at election" urlencoded="38" urlpathencoded="38">38</AgeAtElection>
  <Proposer label="Proposer" urlencoded="Ernest+Henry+Starling%3b+Victor+Alexander+Haden+Horsley%3b+Walter+Frank+Raphael+Weldon%3b+Francis+Darwin%3b+Francis+Henry+Neville%3b+Richard+Threlfall%3b+William+Bateson%3b+Arthur+Gamgee" urlpathencoded="Ernest%20Henry%20Starling;%20Victor%20Alexander%20Haden%20Horsley;%20Walter%20Frank%20Raphael%20Weldon;%20Francis%20Darwin;%20Francis%20Henry%20Neville;%20Richard%20Threlfall;%20William%20Bateson;%20Arthur%20Gamgee">Ernest Henry Starling; Victor Alexander Haden Horsley; Walter Frank Raphael Weldon; Francis Darwin; Francis Henry Neville; Richard Threlfall; William Bateson; Arthur Gamgee</Proposer>
  <Proposer label="Proposer" urlencoded="Walter+Holbrook+Gaskell%3b+John+Newport+Langley%3b+John+Burdon+Sanderson%3b+Charles+Scott+Sherrington%3b+Alfred+Newton%3b+Edward+Albert+Sharpey-Schafer%3b+John+Rose+Bradford" urlpathencoded="Walter%20Holbrook%20Gaskell;%20John%20Newport%20Langley;%20John%20Burdon%20Sanderson;%20Charles%20Scott%20Sherrington;%20Alfred%20Newton;%20Edward%20Albert%20Sharpey-Schafer;%20John%20Rose%20Bradford">Walter Holbrook Gaskell; John Newport Langley; John Burdon Sanderson; Charles Scott Sherrington; Alfred Newton; Edward Albert Sharpey-Schafer; John Rose Bradford</Proposer>
  <DateOfEjectionOrWithdrawal label="Date of ejection or withdrawal" urlencoded="" urlpathencoded=""></DateOfEjectionOrWithdrawal>
  <RSRoles label="RSRoles" urlencoded="" urlpathencoded=""></RSRoles>
  <CommitteesAndPanels label="CommitteesAndPanels" urlencoded="" urlpathencoded=""></CommitteesAndPanels>
  <MedalsAndPrizes label="MedalsAndPrizes" urlencoded="" urlpathencoded=""></MedalsAndPrizes>
  <Lectures label="Lectures" urlencoded="" urlpathencoded=""></Lectures>
  <GrantsAndFellowships label="GrantsAndFellowships" urlencoded="" urlpathencoded=""></GrantsAndFellowships>
  <Clubs label="Clubs" urlencoded="" urlpathencoded=""></Clubs>
  <OtherRSActivity label="Other Royal Society activity" urlencoded="" urlpathencoded=""></OtherRSActivity>
  <RELATED_RESOURCES label="RELATED_RESOURCES" urlencoded="" urlpathencoded=""></RELATED_RESOURCES>
  <Source label="Source" urlencoded="Sources%3a+%0aBulloch%27s+Roll%3b+DNB%0aObituaries%3a+%0aObituary+Notices+of+Fellows+of+the+Royal+Society+1932-1935+vol+l+pp+327-333%2c+plate%2c+by+Frederick+Gowland+Hopkins+and+Sir+Frank+Edward+Smith%0aReferences%3a+%0aDame+Mary+Cartwright%2c+%27Note+on+A+G+Cock%27s+Paper+%22Chauvinism+in+Science%22%3a+The+International+Research+Council%2c+1919-1926%27+in+NR+1984-85+vol+39+pp+125-128%0aW+van+der+Kloot%2c+%27Ernest+Starling%27s+analysis+of+the+energy+balance+of+the+German+people+during+the+blockade%2c+1914-19%27+in+NR+2003+vol+57+pp+185-193%0aNotes%3a+%0aO1+gives+birth+date+as+16+Apr." urlpathencoded="Sources:%20%0aBulloch's%20Roll;%20DNB%0aObituaries:%20%0aObituary%20Notices%20of%20Fellows%20of%20the%20Royal%20Society%201932-1935%20vol%20l%20pp%20327-333,%20plate,%20by%20Frederick%20Gowland%20Hopkins%20and%20Sir%20Frank%20Edward%20Smith%0aReferences:%20%0aDame%20Mary%20Cartwright,%20'Note%20on%20A%20G%20Cock's%20Paper%20&quot;Chauvinism%20in%20Science&quot;:%20The%20International%20Research%20Council,%201919-1926'%20in%20NR%201984-85%20vol%2039%20pp%20125-128%0aW%20van%20der%20Kloot,%20'Ernest%20Starling's%20analysis%20of%20the%20energy%20balance%20of%20the%20German%20people%20during%20the%20blockade,%201914-19'%20in%20NR%202003%20vol%2057%20pp%20185-193%0aNotes:%20%0aO1%20gives%20birth%20date%20as%2016%20Apr.">Sources: 
Bulloch's Roll; DNB
Obituaries: 
Obituary Notices of Fellows of the Royal Society 1932-1935 vol l pp 327-333, plate, by Frederick Gowland Hopkins and Sir Frank Edward Smith
References: 
Dame Mary Cartwright, 'Note on A G Cock's Paper "Chauvinism in Science": The International Research Council, 1919-1926' in NR 1984-85 vol 39 pp 125-128
W van der Kloot, 'Ernest Starling's analysis of the energy balance of the German people during the blockade, 1914-19' in NR 2003 vol 57 pp 185-193
Notes: 
O1 gives birth date as 16 Apr.</Source>
  <Image label="Image" urlencoded="Hardy%2c+WB+GA+Russell+001944.jpg" urlpathencoded="Hardy,%20WB%20GA%20Russell%20001944.jpg">Hardy, WB GA Russell 001944.jpg</Image>
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  <ImageCredit label="ImageCredit" urlencoded="%c2%a9Godfrey+Argent+Studio" urlpathencoded="%c2%a9Godfrey%20Argent%20Studio">©Godfrey Argent Studio</ImageCredit>
  <Conventions label="Conventions" urlencoded="International+Standard+Archival+Authority+Record+for+Corporate+Bodies%2c+Persons+and+Families+-+ISAAR(CPF)+-+Ottawa+1996+ISBN+0-9696035-3-3%0a%0aNational+Council+on+Archives%2c+Rules+for+the+Construction+of+Personal%2c+Place+and+Corporate+Names%2c+1997" urlpathencoded="International%20Standard%20Archival%20Authority%20Record%20for%20Corporate%20Bodies,%20Persons%20and%20Families%20-%20ISAAR(CPF)%20-%20Ottawa%201996%20ISBN%200-9696035-3-3%0a%0aNational%20Council%20on%20Archives,%20Rules%20for%20the%20Construction%20of%20Personal,%20Place%20and%20Corporate%20Names,%201997">International Standard Archival Authority Record for Corporate Bodies, Persons and Families - ISAAR(CPF) - Ottawa 1996 ISBN 0-9696035-3-3

National Council on Archives, Rules for the Construction of Personal, Place and Corporate Names, 1997</Conventions>
  <RSObituaryMemoir label="Royal Society Obituary or Memoir" urlencoded="https%3a%2f%2froyalsocietypublishing.org%2fdoi%2f10.1098%2frsbm.1934.0016" urlpathencoded="https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rsbm.1934.0016">https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rsbm.1934.0016</RSObituaryMemoir>
  <RSPublications label="RSPublications" urlencoded="https%3a%2f%2froyalsocietypublishing.org%2faction%2fdoSearch%3fContribAuthorRaw%3dHardy%252C%2bWilliam%2bBate" urlpathencoded="https://royalsocietypublishing.org/action/doSearch?ContribAuthorRaw=Hardy%2C+William+Bate">https://royalsocietypublishing.org/action/doSearch?ContribAuthorRaw=Hardy%2C+William+Bate</RSPublications>
  <PublishedWorks label="PublishedWorks" urlencoded="" urlpathencoded=""></PublishedWorks>
  <RelatedImages label="Related images" urlencoded="https%3a%2f%2fpictures.royalsociety.org%2fresults%3fmi_search_type%3dadv%26mi_adv_search%3dyes%26adv_person_id%3dAUTH3788" urlpathencoded="https://pictures.royalsociety.org/results?mi_search_type=adv&amp;mi_adv_search=yes&amp;adv_person_id=AUTH3788">https://pictures.royalsociety.org/results?mi_search_type=adv&amp;mi_adv_search=yes&amp;adv_person_id=AUTH3788</RelatedImages>
  <PictureLibraryURL label="PictureLibraryURL" urlencoded="" urlpathencoded=""></PictureLibraryURL>
  <DatesOld label="DatesOld" urlencoded="6+or+16+Apr+1864+-+23+Jan+1934" urlpathencoded="6%20or%2016%20Apr%201864%20-%2023%20Jan%201934">6 or 16 Apr 1864 - 23 Jan 1934</DatesOld>
  <CONTROLAREA label="CONTROLAREA" urlencoded="" urlpathencoded=""></CONTROLAREA>
  <MaintenanceNotes label="MaintenanceNotes" urlencoded="The+past+Fellows+entries+are+under+continuous+revision.+If+you+have+queries+or+additional+information+to+contribute%2c+please+contact+Library%40royalsociety.org.++%0a%0aContent+in+external+sources+is+not+controlled+by+the+Royal+Society+and+historical+sources+may+include+content+that+is+now+unacceptable.++%0a%0aReviewed+on+29%2f05%2f2024+as+part+of+the+Name+Authority+Project+update." urlpathencoded="The%20past%20Fellows%20entries%20are%20under%20continuous%20revision.%20If%20you%20have%20queries%20or%20additional%20information%20to%20contribute,%20please%20contact%20Library@royalsociety.org.%20%20%0a%0aContent%20in%20external%20sources%20is%20not%20controlled%20by%20the%20Royal%20Society%20and%20historical%20sources%20may%20include%20content%20that%20is%20now%20unacceptable.%20%20%0a%0aReviewed%20on%2029/05/2024%20as%20part%20of%20the%20Name%20Authority%20Project%20update.">The past Fellows entries are under continuous revision. If you have queries or additional information to contribute, please contact Library@royalsociety.org.  

Content in external sources is not controlled by the Royal Society and historical sources may include content that is now unacceptable.  

Reviewed on 29/05/2024 as part of the Name Authority Project update. </MaintenanceNotes>
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  <Created label="Created" urlencoded="21%2f11%2f2001" urlpathencoded="21/11/2001">21/11/2001</Created>
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Pmab</Creator>
  <Modified label="Modified" urlencoded="08%2f09%2f2025" urlpathencoded="08/09/2025">08/09/2025</Modified>
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  <PublicView label="PublicView" urlencoded="Yes" urlpathencoded="Yes">Yes</PublicView>
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