Record

Authorised form of name	Hodgkin; Dorothy Mary Crowfoot (1910 - 1994); chemist and crystallographer
Dates	1910 - 1994
Nationality	British
Place of birth	Guizeh, near Cairo, Egypt, Africa
Date of birth	12/05/1910
Place of death	Ilmington, near Shipston-on-Stour, Warwickshire, England
Date of death	29/07/1994
Occupation	chemist and crystallographer
Research field	Biochemistry
	Crystal chemistry
	Structural biology
	Chemical crystallography
	X-ray crystallography
Activity	Education: Sir John Leman School, Beccles; Newnham College Cambridge; Somerville College, Oxford (1928-1932, Chemistry) Career: Research work on sterols, with J D Bernal (FRS 1937) at Cambridge; returned to Oxford and continued work with X-ray analysis; University Lecturer and Demonstrator (1946); University Reader in X-ray crystallography (1956); Wolfson Research Professor of the Royal Society (1960-1977); her students at Somerville College included Margaret Thatcher; Vice-President, Medical Aid Committee for Vietnam (1965), President (1971); second woman to be appointed to the Order of Merit (1965); Chancellor, Bristol University (1970-1988); President, International Union of Crystallography (1972-1975); President, Pugwash conferences on Science and World Affairs (1976-1988); President, British Association for the Advancement of Science (1977-1978); died following a stroke. Medals and prizes: Nobel Prize (Chemistry) 1964 Dalton Medal 1976 Lomonosov Gold Medal 1982 Honours: OM 1965
Membership category	Fellow
Date of election	20/03/1947
Age at election	36
Proposer	Kathleen Lonsdale
	William Hume-Rothery
	William Lawrence Bragg
	Francis Simon
	Howard Walter Florey
	John Monteath Robertson
	William Thomas Astbury
	Ian Morris Heilbron
	John Desmnd Bernal
RSActivity	Medals and prizes: Royal Medal 1956; Copley Medal 1976 Lectures: Tercentenary 1960; Bakerian 1972
Relationships	Parents: John Winter Crowfoot (1873–1958), inspector with the ministry of public instruction for Egypt and the Sudan, later director of the British School of Archaeology in Jerusalem, and Grace Mary (Molly) Hood (1877–1957), authority on ancient textiles. Spouse: (1937) Thomas Lionel Hodgkin (died 1982). Children: Luke Howard (born 1938), Prudence Elizabeth (born 1943), John Robin Tobias (born 1946).
PublishedWorks	RCN 44501 RCN 13840 RCN 44502 RCN R79761 RCN 10147 RCN 14635
OtherInfo	Determined the structure of insulin, establishing the general form and the leading inter-atomic distances in crystalline insulin. Studied sterols and proteins, advancing knowledge on the stereo-chemical structure of the sterol skeleton, and in proteins she carried out work on virus structures. Demonstrated it is possible to derive the complete structure of organic substances of unknown chemical composition by X-ray methods alone. Mapped the structure of cobalamin (vitamin B12). Confirmed the structure of penicillin, previously surmised by Edward Abraham and Ernst Boris Chain. Became the third woman to win the Nobel Prize in Chemistry. A privately commissioned portrait of Dorothy Hodgkin, by Bryan Organ, became part of the collection of the Royal Society in 1982, making it the first portrait of a woman to be included in the Society's collection. The Dorothy Hodgkin Fellowship is awarded by the Royal Society "for outstanding scientists at an early stage of their research career who require a flexible working pattern due to personal circumstances, such as parenting or caring responsibilities or health-related reasons."
Royal Society Obituary or Memoir	Click to view (may be contained within a meeting notice, presidential address or list of death notices)
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Source	AssocMaterial: NCUACS 47/3/94 and 135/8/04. Papers and correspondence deposited in the Bodleian Library, Oxford Obituaries: Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society 2002 vol 48 pp 179-219, plate, by G Dodson FRS References: Sir John Cornforth, 'Portrait of Dorothy Hodgkin, OM, FRS' in NR 1982-83 vol 37 pp 1-4, plate Joan Mason, 'The Women Fellows' Jubilee' in NR 1995 vol 49 pp 125-140 S Ramaseshan, 'Dorothy Hodgkin and the Indian Connection' in NR 1996 vol 50 pp 115-127, plate J Corden, 'Web of Science History' project in NR 2002 vol 56 pp 383-388 D Blow and S Wallwork, 'Prehistory of the British Crystallographic Association' in NR 2004 vol 58 pp 177-186 P Harper, 'Preserving scientific archives: the work of NCUACS' in NR 2004 vol 58 pp 227-232
Code	NA8241

Archives associated with this Fellow

RefNo	Title	Date
M/261	Hodgkin, Dorothy Mary Crowfoot
HWT/25/6	Correspondence and papers regarding Chinese research workers in Britain and British visitors to China	August - December 1966
HWT/25/7	Correspondence and papers regarding premature return to China (due to Cultural Revolution) of Chinese research workers in Britain	January - September 1967
P/0158	Portrait of Hodgkin, Dorothy Mary Crowfoot	1980
IM/GA/WS/2717	Hodgkin, Dorothy Mary Crowfoot	nd
IM/002159	Hodgkin, Dorothy Mary Crowfoot	November 2003
IM/007145	Hodgkin, Dorothy Mary Crowfoot	July 1984
P/0226	Portrait of Hodgkin, Dorothy Crowfoot	2005
RR/71/232	Referee's report by Dorothy Mary Crowfoot Hodgkin, on a paper 'An X-ray study of horse methaemoglobin. II' by Max Ferdinand Perutz	1948
RR/61/101	Referee's report by John Desmond Bernal, on a paper 'The crystal structure of insulin. I. The investigation of air-dried insulin crystals' by Dorothy Mary Crowfoot Hodgkin	December 1937
RR/68/447	Referee's report by John Monteath Robertson, on a paper 'The crystal structure of cholesteryl iodide' by C H Carlisle and Dorothy Mary Crowfoot Hodgkin	[1944]
RR/72/170	Referee's report by Dorothy Mary Crowfoot Hodgkin, on a paper 'The crystal structure of horse met-myoglobin. I. General features: the arrangement of the poly-peptide chains' by John Cowdery Kendrew	1949
IM/002158	Hodgkin, Dorothy Mary Crowfoot	nd
EC/1947/13	Hodgkin, Dorothy Mary Crowfoot: certificate of election to the Royal Society
IM/GA/AR/7132	Hodgkin, Dorothy Mary Crowfoot	nd
IM/004389	Hodgkin, Dorothy Mary Crowfoot	2003
IM/007144	Hodgkin, Dorothy Mary Crowfoot	1965
IM/007143	Hodgkin, Dorothy Mary Crowfoot	nd
IM/007146	Hodgkin, Dorothy Mary Crowfoot	nd
IM/007142	Hodgkin, Dorothy Mary Crowfoot	c 1951
RR/66/26	Referee's report by William Henry Bragg, on a paper 'X-Ray crystallography and the chemistry of the steroids. Part I' by John Desmond Bernal, Dorothy Mary Crowfoot Hodgkin and I Fankuchen	[April 1940]
RR/66/25	Referee's report by Ian Morris Heilbron, on a paper 'X-Ray crystallography and the chemistry of the steroids. Part I' by John Desmond Bernal, Dorothy Mary Crowfoot Hodgkin and I Fankuchen	15 May 1940
IM/002157	Hodgkin, Dorothy Mary Crowfoot	nd
IM/007147	Hodgkin, Dorothy Mary Crowfoot	c 1951
P/0152	Portrait of Hodgkin, Dorothy Mary Crowfoot	1982
AP/83/13	Supporting data, regarding 'The structure of vitamin B12. VIII. The crystal structure of vitamin B12-5'-phosphate' by S W Hawkinson, C L Coulter, Marsha L Greaves and Dorothy Mary Crowfoot Hodgkin	[1970]
RR/65/131	Letter from Archibald Vivian Hill, on an unnamed paper by Dorothy Mary Crowfoot Hodgkin to the Secretary of the Royal Society	31 May 1938
AP/82/16	Supporting data, regarding 'The structure of vitamin B12 V. The structure of the air-dried crystals of vitamin B12' by Dorothy Mary Crowfoot Hodgkin, June Lindsey, R A Sparks, K N Trueblood and John Graham White	[1962]
AP/82/20	Supporting data, regarding 'The structure of Vitamin B12 VI. The structure of crystals of vitamin B12 grown from and immersed in water' by Clara Brink-Shoemaker, Durward William John Cruickshank, Dorothy Mary Crowfoot Hodgkin, M. Jennifer Kamper and Diana Pilling	[1964]
AP/83/18	Supporting data, regarding 'The structure of vitamin B12. IX. The crystal structure of cobyric acid, factor V 1a' by K Venkatesan, D Dale, Dorothy Mary Crowfoot Hodgkin, C E Nockolds, F H Moore and B H O’Connor	[1971]
RR/75/63	Referee's report by Dorothy Mary Crowfoot Hodgkin, on a paper 'Crystallite growth in graphitising and non-graphitising carbons' by Rosalind E Franklin	12 April 1951
RR/77/143	Referee's report by Dorothy Hodgkin, on a paper 'The configuration of the polypeptide chain in small peptides such as Gramicidin S' by N B Abbott and E J Ambrose	26 August 1952
P/0159	Drawing, hands of Hodgkin, Dorothy Mary Crowfoot	1978
RR/79/151	Referee's report by Dorothy Hodgkin, on a paper 'The crystal and molecular structure of perylene' by D M Donaldson, John Monteath Robertson and John G White	16 July 1953
RR/79/150	Referee's report by Dorothy Hodgkin, on a paper 'The crystal and molecular structure of ovalene. A quantitative X-ray investigation' by D M Donaldson and John Monteath Robertson	16 July 1953
RR/79/230	Referee's report by Dorothy Mary Crowfoot Hodgkin, on a paper 'The complementary structure of deoxyribonucleic acid' by Francis Harry Compton Crick and James Dewey Watson	14 September 1953
RR/77/142	Letter from Dorothy Hodgkin, on a paper 'The configuration of the polypeptide chain in small peptides such as Gramicidin S' by N B Abbott and E J Ambrose, to D C Martin	26 August 1952
RR/75/62	Letter from Dorothy Mary Crowfoot Hodgkin, on a paper 'Crystallite growth in graphitising and non-graphitising carbons' by Rosalind E Franklin, to D C Martin	12 April 1951
ROR/5/2/6	Recording of Robert Robinson and Dorothy Mary Crowfoot Hodgkin	1974

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