| Authorised form of name | Timone; Emanuele (1665 - 1718); physician |
| Other forms of name | Emmanuele |
| Other forms of surname | Timonius |
| Timoni |
| Dates | 1665 - 1718 |
| Nationality | Greek |
| Place of birth | Chios Island, Greece, Europe |
| Date of birth | 1665 |
| Date of death | 1718 |
| Occupation | Physician and diplomat |
| Research field | Inoculation |
| Medicine |
| Activity | Education:
Univeristy of Padua; MD; Incorporated at Oxford
Career:
Travelled throughout the Ottoman Empire; practised in Constantinople; personal physician of Ottoman Sultan Ahmed III (1673–1736); Vice-Rector of the University of Padua, Italy (1691); after taking part in the negotiations for the Peace of Carlowitz (1699), he travelled to England with the English representative, William, Lord Paget; returned to Constantinople (1703); described the practice of inoculation against smallpox as practised in the Ottoman Empire in a letter to John Woodward (FRS 1693); committed suicide. |
| Membership category | Fellow |
| Date of election | 30/11/1703 |
| Relationships | Parents: His father was the interpreter to the British Embassy to the Sublime Porte, Constantinople [Istanbul, Turkey]
Children: Kokona Timoni, whom he vaccinated in 1722. |
| OtherInfo | Pioneer of the variolation method of inoculation .
Timone and Jacobus Pylarinos (1659–1718) were precusors to Edward Jenner (FRS 1789), who famously introduced the term "vaccination".
He described a method of drawing a blend of smallpox pus mixed with blood, selecting ill children on the 13th day of the appearanc of the rash, piercing with a needle the pustules in the feet of the children.
Lorentz Mavilis (1860–1912), poet, and Georgio da Chirico (1888–1978), painter, are descendants from Timone's family. |
| Source | Sources:
Bulloch's Roll; Hirsch; Biog Univ
Eriksen, A. Smallpox inoculation: translation, transference and transformation. Palgrave Commun 6, 52 (2020) [URL: https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-020-0431-6; last accessed: 28/05/2025]
Kyrkoudis T, Tsoucalas G, Thomaidis V, Bakirtzis I, Nalbandi E, Polychronidis A, et al. Vaccination of the Ethnic Greeks (Rums) Against Smallpox in the Ottoman Empire: Emmanuel Timonis and Jacobus Pylarinos as Precursors of Edward Jenner. Erciyes Med J 2021; 43(1): 100–6, [URL: https://jcpres.com/storage/upload/pdfs/EMJ_43_1_100_106.pdf; last accessed: 28/05/2025]
References:
Raymond Phineas Stearns, 'Fellows of the Royal Society in North Africa and the Levant, 1662-1800' in NR 1954-55 vol 11 pp 75-90
Notes:
Hirsch and Biog Univ say he was Greek, but N&R article says he was born in Italy and gives date of death as c 1718 |
| Code | NA423 |
Archives associated with this Fellow
| RefNo | Title | Date |
| CLP/23ii/73 | Extract, from 'History of small pox by inoculation' by Dr [Emanuele] Timone | nd |
| CLP/14ii/6 | Paper, 'De Peste Constantinopoli grassante' [Treatise on the plague in Constantinople] by Emanuele Timone | 1714 |
| RBO/11/19 | Treatise of the plague of 1714 in Constantinople by Emanuel Timone | 1720 |
| CLP/23ii/72 | Paper, 'Clausula excerpta ex historia variolarum quae per incisionem excitantur' by [Emanuele] Timone | [1732] |