| Citation | Emeritus Professor of Neuroscience at Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. Distinguished for his pioneering studies of the functional organization of the sensory, and in particular the somato-sensory and parietal association, cortex. Among his major discoveries is that cells subserving particular functions are grouped together into columns in the cortex, and separated from other functional columns. This capital discovery has now been found by others to be true of almost all cortical areas studied, with the columns in different areas having differenct dimensions and shapes. This principle of cortical organization can now be regarded as one of the fundamental characteristics of the cerebral cortex. He has also pioneered the study of higher functions, with especial reference to the association areas of the parietal cortex in the alert, behaving monkey, and showed that the responses of some visual neurons there are critically linked to motor performance. In addition to their intrinsic importance, these studies have ben instrumental in ushering in a rigorous physiological study of behaviourally linked phenomena. |