Record

EC - Certificates of election and candidature for Fellowship of the Royal Society
- 2005 - Certificates of Election 2005

RefNo	EC/2005/14
Level	Item
Title	Downward, Julian: certificate of election to the Royal Society
Description	Final sentence of citation from candidates book, not on original certificate.
Citation	Julian Downward's work on the Ras GTPase has made seminal contributions to our understanding of how cellular signal transduction pathways are subverted in oncogenic transformation. His work provided the first demonstration that GTP-loading on Ras, which is commonly mutationally activated in human tumours, is normally regulated in response to extracellular factors; he went on to characterise growth factor receptor complexes mediating Ras nucleotide exchange, and to demonstrate that GTP-bound Ras binds to and activates the Raf kinase, which controls the MAP kinase pathway. Julian was first to demonstrate that phosphoinositide 3-kinase is also a Ras effector, important in regulation of apoptosis. He showed that transformation by Ras requires interaction with multiple effectors, which contribute differentially to cell cycle progression, cytoskeletal regulation, and apoptosis. His more recent work has established that both cell-matrix and cell-cell interaction activate the PI 3-kinase/PKB pathway, and thereby prevent programmed cell death, and that it is activation of this pathway by oncogenic Ras that allows anchorage-independent growth of transformed cells. He has also characterised novel targets of PKB and MAP kinase important in survival signalling.
AccessStatus	Closed

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